This book aims to present an overview of current research and dominant theories on human attention. It presents a comprehensive review of the current state of theories in the field, including the measurement and neuropsychology of attention. It also discusses the relationship between attention and new media. The title of this book includes the word "today, " because the authors sought to address recent trends and potential future directions in the field of human attention. This book is organized into four chapters. The first chapter explores the theoretical models of attention from historical theories to current research. The second chapter analyses the measurements of attention, with particular reference to paradigms that have been used to study visual and auditory attention. The third chapter focuses on two aspects: the neural basis of attention and electrophysiology, distinguishing the different functions of attention. The last chapter considers the interactions between attention and new media, in particular, television, smartphones, computers, and video games. Both the novice and expert will be able to understand and learn much from reading this book. It is aimed at both students and researchers, as well as professionals in healthcare, education, social care, and related fields.