Medieval Italy gathers together an unparalleled selection of newly translated primary sources from the central and later Middle Ages, a period during which Italy was famous for its diverse cultural landscape of urban towers and fortified castles, the spirituality of Saints Francis and Clare, and the vernacular poetry of Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio. The texts highlight the continuities with the medieval Latin West while simultaneously emphasizing the ways in which Italy was exceptional, particularly for its cities that drove Mediterranean trade, its new communal forms of government, the impact of the papacy’s temporal claims on the central peninsula, and the richly textured religious life of the mainland and its islands.
A unique feature of this volume is its incorporation of the southern part of the peninsula and Sicily—the glittering Norman court at Palermo, the multicultural emporium of the south, and the kingdoms of Frederick II—into a larger narrative of Italian history. Including Hebrew, Arabic, Greek, and Lombard sources, the documents speak in ethnically and religiously differentiated voices, while providing wider chronological and geographical coverage than previously available.
Rich in interdisciplinary texts and organized to enable the reader to focus by specific region, topic, or period, this is a volume that will be an essential resource for anyone with a professional or private interest in the history, religion, literature, politics, and built environment of Italy from ca. 1000 to 1400.
Tabla de materias
Contents According to Chronology and Geography
Introduction
Note on Dating and Currency
Abbreviations
PART 1: THE COUNTRYSIDE AND ITS DEPENDENCIES
1. Land Leasing and Legal Status in Southern Italy: Three Texts (964-86) translated from Latin by Valerie Ramseyer
2. Land, Money, and Grain: Two Customary Leases in the Diocese of Florence (1073, 1115) translated from Latin by George Dameron
3. A Bequest of Town and Countryside Properties in Eboli (1152) translated from Latin by David Routt
4. Sharecropping in the Sienese Contado: Three Texts (1232, 1257, 1293) translated from Latin by David Routt
5. Bonvesin della Riva on Milan and Its Contado (1288) translated from Latin by Frances Andrews
6. Giovanni Villani on Food Shortages and Famine in Central Italy (1329-30, 1347-48) translated from Italian by Katherine L. Jansen
7. A Rebellion in Firenzuola (1402) translated from Latin by Samuel K. Cohn
PART 2: SPHERES AND STRUCTURES OF POWER: ECCLESIASTICAL AND SECULAR
8. The Bishopric of Florence and the Foundation of San Miniato al Monte (1013) translated from Latin by George Dameron
9. Proprietary Religious Houses in the Diocese of Salerno (1047-92) translated from Latin by Valerie Ramseyer
10. The Commune and Bishop of Florence Forbid the Alienation of Ecclesiastical Property (1159) translated from Latin by George Dameron
11. Episcopal Lordship: Scenes from the Life of Ubaldo da Gubbio (ca. 1160) translated from Latin by Maureen Miller
12. Federigo Visconti’s Pastoral Visitation to Sardinia (1263) translated from Latin by William North
13. Origins of the Commune of Cremona: Three Texts (996-1097) translated from Latin by Edward Coleman
14. Mechanisms of Communal Government: Five Texts (1143-84) translated from Latin by Frances Andrews
15. Empire and Cities in the Late Twelfth Century: The Peace of Constance and Its Aftermath: Two Texts (1183, 1216) translated from Latin by Frances Andrews
16. Twelfth-Century Administration of Corleone: Two Texts (1182, 1178-83) translated from Arabic by Alex Metcalfe
17. Giovanni Villani on the Ascent of the Popolo in Florence (1250, 1293) translated from Italian by Katherine L. Jansen
18. The Standard Bearer of Lucca appeals to Local Patriotism (1397) translated from Latin by Christine Meek
PART 3: THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
19. A Genoese Apprenticeship Contract (1221) translated from Latin by Katherine L. Jansen
20. Guild Regulations for the Oil Vendors and Grocers of Florence (1318) translated from Italian by Katherine L. Jansen
21. The Venetian Mint After the Black Death: Three Texts (1353) translated from Latin by Alan Stahl
22. State-Run Shipping in Venice (1398) translated from Latin by Eleanor A. Congdon
23. International Networks in the Mediterranean (1400) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
24. Transportation of Commodities (1401) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
25. Two Cargo Manifests (1400, 1399) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
26. A Run on a Bank (1400) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
27. Debt Remission (1400) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
28. Trade and Diplomacy (1400) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
29. Protectionist Legislation (1400) translated from Spanish by Eleanor A. Congdon
30. Usury: Six Texts (1161-1419) translated from Latin by Lawrin Armstrong
PART 4: VIOLENCE, WARFARE, AND PEACE
31. The Destruction of the Monastery of San Vincenzo al Volturno (mid-twelfth century) translated from Latin by G. A. Loud
32. The Genoese Capture of Almería (1147) translated from Latin by G. A. Loud
33. Ibn al-Athīr on Sicilian Muslims Under Christian Rule: The Complete Treatment of History (twelfth century) translated from Arabic by Joshua Birk
34. Giovanni Codagnello on Factional Strife in Piacenza (1232-35) translated from Latin by William North
35. Giovanni Villani on the Origins of the Guelfs and Ghibellines in Florence (ca. 1300) translated from Italian by Katherine L. Jansen
36. Vendetta in Fourteenth-Century Siena (1321-46) translated from Latin by Trevor Dean
37. Charles of Anjou on the Battle of Tagliacozzo (1268) introduced by Caroline Bruzelius; translated from Latin by Sean Gilsdorf
38. Giovanni Regina on Angevin Military Success Against the Empire (1328) translated from Latin by Samantha Kelly
39. Matteo Villani on Peace and the Common Good (fourteenth century) translated from Italian by William Caferro
40. A Mercenary Soldier: John Hawkwood (1369) translated from Italian by William Caferro
41. Alliance in Exile Between the Radical Ciompi and Magnates Against the Florentine Guild Republic (1379) translated from Latin by Samuel K. Cohn
42. Lordships and City-State Rivalry in Lombardy and the Veneto (1390-1405) translated from Italian by John E. Law
43. Maritime Warfare and Piracy: Three Texts on Genoa and Venice (1380-1403) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon, Michele Pietro Ghezzo, John R. Melville-Jones, and Andrea Rizzi
PART 5: LAW AND ORDER
44. Property Rights and the Legal System in Salerno (1044) translated from Latin by Valerie Ramseyer
45. Roman Law and Legal Studies: Three Texts (1124-66) translated from Latin by Sean Gilsdorf
46. Odofredus Announces His Course on Roman Law at Bologna (ca. 1230) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
47. The Laws of King Roger II (ca. 1140s) translated from Latin by G. A. Loud
48. A Peace Contract (1274) translated from Latin by Katherine L. Jansen
49. Regulating Consumption and Ritual Behavior: Four Texts (1289-1343) translated from Latin by Catherine Kovesi Killerby
50. Regulation of Brothels in Florence: Two Texts (thirteenth century and 1346) translated from Latin by Lynn Marie Laufenberg
51. The Long Arm of the Florentine Law: Two Texts (1343, 1345) translated from Latin by Lynn Marie Laufenberg
52. Bartolus of Sassoferrato on the Making of Citizens (fourteenth century) translated from Latin by Julius Kirshner and Osvaldo Cavallar
53. A Trial for Witchcraft at Todi (1428) translated from Latin by Augustine Thompson, O.P.
54. A Question of Identity in Venetian Crete (1438) translated from Latin by Sally Mc Kee
PART 6: THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
55. Incastellamento: Two Texts from Verona (926, 923) translated from Latin by Maureen Miller
56. A Bath in Southwest Italy (1047) translated from Latin by Jill Caskey
57. Bishop Daibert’s Order on the Height of Towers in Pisa (1090) translated from Latin by Patricia Skinner
58. Ibn Jubayr’s Account of Messina and Palermo (1184-85) translated from Arabic by Alex Metcalfe, with additional texts by Joshua Birk
59. The Baptistry of Parma: Fourteen Texts (1196-1321) translated from Latin by Areli Marina
60. Charles of Anjou on the Foundation of a Cistercian Monastery near Scurcola (Abruzzo, 1274) introduced by Caroline Bruzelius; translated from Latin by Sean Gilsdorf
61. Foundation of a French Monastery in Abruzzo: Santa Maria della Vittoria (1277) introduced by Caroline Bruzelius; translated from Latin by Sean Gilsdorf
62. A Contract for Stonework for the Monastery of Santa Maria di Realvalle (near Naples, 1279) introduced by Caroline Bruzelius; translated from Latin by Sean Gilsdorf
63. Jewish and Greek Patronage in Apulia: Two Texts (1313/14, 1372/73) translated from Hebrew and Greek by Linda Safran
64. Ordering the Piazza del Campo of Siena (1309) translated from Italian by Fabrizio Nevola
65. On the City Walls and Built Environment of Pavia (1330) translated from Latin by Victoria Morse and William North
PART 7: ROME, THE PAPACY, AND PAPAL POLITICS
66. Matilda of Canossa, Papal Patron: Two Texts (eleventh century) translated from Latin by William North
67. The Marvels of Rome (1143) translated from Latin by Mary Stroll
68. Arnald of Brescia at Rome (ca. 1162-66) translated from Latin by Thomas Carson
69. Innocent III to the Hospital of Santo Spirito in Sassia (1208) translated from Latin by Brenda Bolton
70. A Dispute with Pope Innocent III over Customary Rights in Alatri (1212) translated from Latin by Brenda Bolton
71. Piero della Vigna’s Invective Against the Pope (mid-thirteenth century) translated from Latin by Emily O’Brien
72. The Jubilee Year of 1300: Three Texts (1300) translated from Latin by Katherine L. Jansen and John Petruccione
73. Cola di Rienzo and Fourteenth-Century Rome: Twelve Texts (fourteenth century) translated from Italian by Amanda Collins and John Wright
74. The Pacification of the Patrimony of St. Peter (1355-59) translated from Italian by John Wright
PART 8: DISEASE AND MEDICAL PRACTICE
75. Medicine in Southern Italy: Six Texts (eleventh-fourteenth centuries) translated from Latin by Monica H. Green
76. Matteo Villani on Plague and Malaria (1357-58) translated from Italian by Samuel K. Cohn
77. The Curriculum in Arts and Medicine at Bologna (early fifteenth century) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
78. Dissection at Bologna (early fifteenth century) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
79. Surgery at Bologna (1405) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
PART 9: VARIETIES OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE: THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION
80. The Pataria: Andrea da Strumi’s Passion of Arialdo (late eleventh century) translated from Latin by William North
81. Miracles of Bishop Giovanni Cacciafronte of Vicenza (1226) translated from Latin by Patricia Skinner
82. Life of Raymond ‘the Palmer’ of Piacenza (1212) translated from Latin by Kenneth Baxter Wolf
83. Life of Umiliana de’ Cerchi (1246) translated from Latin by Anne M. Schuchman
84. Franco Sacchetti on’Modern Saints’ (ca. 1365) translated from Italian by Catherine Lawless
85. The Humiliati: Five Texts (1184-thirteenth century) translated from Latin by Frances Andrews
86. Albertanus of Brescia: Sermon to a Confraternity (1250) introduced by James M. Powell; translated from Latin by Gregory W. Ahlquist
87. The Confraternity of the Misericordia Maggiore in Bergamo: Three Texts (1282-1362) translated from Latin by Roisin Cossar
88. Civic Veneration of the Saints at Siena: Six Texts (1326-39) translated from Latin by Diana Webb
89. Opicino de Canistris: Confessions of a Parish Priest (1336) translated from Latin by Victoria Morse
PART 10: MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND CHILDREN
90. Family and Marriage in Lombard Salerno: Three Texts (1008-78) translated from Latin by Valerie Ramseyer
91. Geoffrey Malaterra on the Marriage of Matilda and Raymond of Toulouse: Two Texts (ca. 1080) translated from Latin by G. A. Loud
92. Frederick II’s Legislation on Adultery and Prostitution (1231) translated from Latin by James M. Powell
93. The Customs of Salerno on Dowries (1251) translated from Latin by Joanna Drell
94. Disputed Marriage in Bologna (ca. late thirteenth century) translated from Latin by Lynn Marie Laufenberg
95. Trees of Consanguinity and Affinity (ca. 1310-30) introduced by Robert Gibbs
96. Marriage, Family, and Children in the Datini Family: Nine Texts (1375-1401) translated from Italian by Eleanor A. Congdon
97. Marriage, Dowry, and Remarriage in the Sassetti Household (1384-97) translated from Italian by Isabelle Chabot
98. Family and Children in the Libro di Ricordi of Luca da Panzano (1425-46) translated from Italian by Anthony Molho
PART 11: EDUCATION AND ERUDITION
I. Local Schools and Elementary Education
99. Giovanni Villani on the Schools of Florence (late 1330s) translated from Italian by M. Michèle Mulchahey
100. Schooling for a Girl (1399, 1402) translated from Latin by Eleanor A. Congdon
101. Grammar School: Two Texts (1360s, 1406) translated from Italian by M. Michèle Mulchahey
102. Learning to Read: La Tavola (ca. mid-fourteenth century) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
103. Learning to Latinize: Donadello (ca. mid-fourteenth century) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
104. Learning to Reckon: Leonardo Fibonacci’s Book of Abbaco (1202; revised 1228) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
II. The University of Bologna
105. Universitas: A Papal Bull in Favor of the University of Bologna (1220) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
106. Duties of the Rectors of the Universitates at Bologna (1317-47) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
107. Rules Governing Booksellers at Bologna (1317-47) translated from Latin by M. Michèle Mulchahey
III. Royal Erudition
108. Frederick II On the Art of Hunting with Birds (ca. 1248) introduced by Joanna Drell; translated from Latin by Casey A. Wood and F. Marjorie Fyfe
109. A Graduation Sermon of Robert of Anjou, King of Naples (fourteenth century) translated from Latin by Samantha Kelly
PART 12: SOCIAL MEMORY, HISTORY, COMMEMORATION
110. A Bilingual Jewish Tombstone Inscription in Oria (eighth century) translated from Hebrew and Latin by Linda Safran
111. Composite Chronicles from Bari (ca. 1000-1117) translated from Latin by Tehmina Goskar and Patricia Skinner
112. Will of Docibilis I of Gaeta (906) translated from Latin by Patricia Skinner
113. Foundation of a Monastery in Byzantine Calabria (1053/4) translated from Greek and Italian by Adele Cilento and David Routt
114. The Scroll or Genealogy of Ahimaaz ben Paltiel: Jewish Learning, Myth, and Ideals in an Uncertain Salentine World (1054) translated from Hebrew by J. H. Chajes and Kenneth Stow
115. Henry of Rimini’s Paean to Venice (ca. 1300) translated from Latin by John E. Law
116. Four Bolognese Wills (1337) translated from Latin by Shona Kelly Wray
117. Chronicle of Parthenope (Naples, fourteenth century) translated from Latin by Samantha Kelly
118. Philipoctus de Caserta’s Song Text on Louis, Duke of Anjou (ca. 1382) translated from French by Yolanda Plumley
119. Gift-Giving in Paduan Churches: Four Texts (1374-1405) translated from Latin by Louise Bourdua
120. Church Inventories from Cortona: Two Texts (1429) translated from Latin by Daniel E. Bornstein
Chronology
Maps
Genealogical Tables
Medieval Popes, ca. 950-1430
Glossary
Further Reading
List of Contributors
Index
Acknowledgments
Sobre el autor
Katherine L. Jansen is Associate Professor of History at The Catholic University of America, Joanna Drell is Associate Professor of History at the University of Richmond, and Frances Andrews is Reader in Medieval History at the University of St. Andrews.
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