Following the birth of the first “test-tube baby” in 1978, Assisted Reproductive Technologies became available to a small number of people in high-income countries able to afford the cost of private treatment, a period seen as the “First Phase” of ARTs. In the “Second Phase, ” these treatments became increasingly available to cosmopolitan global elites. Today, this picture is changing — albeit slowly and unevenly — as ARTs are becoming more widely available. While, for many, accessing infertility treatments remains a dream, these are beginning to be viewed as a standard part of reproductive healthcare and family planning. This volume highlights this “Third Phase” — the opening up of ARTs to new constituencies in terms of ethnicity, geography, education, and class.
Daftar Isi
Introduction: Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Third Phase?
Bob Simpson and Kate Hampshire
Section One: (Islamic) ART Journeys and Moral Pioneers
Introduction: New Reproductive Technologies in Islamic Local Moral Worlds
Marcia C. Inhorn
Chapter 1. ‘Islamic Bioethics’ in Transnational Perspective
Morgan Clarke
Chapter 2. Moral Pioneers: Pakistani Muslims and the Take-up of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the North of England
Bob Simpson, Mwenza Blell and Kate Hampshire
Chapter 3. Whither Kinship? Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Relatedness in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Soraya Tremayne
Chapter 4. Practitioner Perspective: Practising ARTs in Islamic Contexts
Farouk Mahmoud
Section Two: ARTs and the Low-Income Threshold.
Introduction: ARTs in Resource-Poor Areas: Practices, Experiences, Challenges and Theoretical Debates
Trudie Gerrits
Chapter 5. Global Access to Reproductive Technologies and Infertility Care in Developing Countries
Willem Ombelet
Chapter 6. Childlessness in Bangladesh: Women’s Experiences of Access to Biomedical Infertility Services
Papreen Nahar
Chapter 7. Ethics, Identities and Agency: ART, Elites and HIV/AIDS in Botswana
Astrid Bochow
Chapter 8. A Child Cannot Be Bought? Economies of Hope and Failure When Doing ARTs in Mali
Viola Hörbst
Chapter 9. Practitioner Perspective: A View from Sri Lanka
Thilina S. Palihawadana and H.R. Seneviratne
Section Three: ARTs and Professional Practice
Introduction: Ethnic Communities, Professions and Practices
Alison Shaw
Chapter 10. Reproductive Technologies and Ethnic Minorities: Beyond a Marginalising Discourse on the Marginalised Communities
Sangeeta Chattoo
Chapter 11. Knock Knock, ‘You’re my mummy’: Anonymity, Identification and Gamete Donation in British South Asian Communities
Nicky Hudson and Lorraine Culley
Chapter 12. Practitioner Perspective: Cultural Competence from Theory to Clinical Practice
Ana Liddie Navarro and Miriam Orcutt
Notes on Contributors
Bibliography
Index
Tentang Penulis
Bob Simpson is Professor of Anthropology at Durham University. He is the author of Changing Families: An Ethnographic Approach to Divorce and Separation (Berg, 1998).
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