This book serves as a gateway to the fascinating intersection of genetics, plant breeding and innovation, which is shaping the future of agriculture. It explores the dynamic world of molecular plant breeding, from decoding genetic markers to cutting-edge omics techniques. Each chapter is enriched with tables and diagrams for an engaging learning experience, simplifying complex concepts. The book begins with the basics, immersing you in molecular plant breeding, and then delves into genetic markers, diverse populations, linkage mapping, and association mapping. The book also covers such topics as marker-assisted selection, functional genomics, gene fingerprinting, gene transfer technologies, bioinformatics tools, and phenomics, and navigates the intricacies of intellectual property rights in molecular breeding.