Sets the stage for large-scale production of biofuels and
bio-based chemicals
In response to diminishing supplies as well as the environmental
hazards posed by fossil fuels and petrochemicals, interest and
demand for green, sustainable biofuels and bio-based chemicals are
soaring. Biomass may be the solution. It is an abundant
carbon-neutral renewable feedstock that can be used for the
production of fuels and chemicals. Currently, biorefineries use
corn, soybeans, and sugarcane for bioethanol and biodiesel
production; however, there are many challenges facing
biorefineries, preventing biomass from reaching its full
potential.
This book provides a comprehensive review of bioprocessing
technologies that use lignocellulosic biomass for the production of
biofuels, biochemicals, and biopolymers. It begins with an overview
of integrated biorefineries. Next, it covers:
* Biomass feedstocks, including sugar, starch, oil, and energy
crops as well as microalgae
* Pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic biomass
* Hydrolytic enzymes used in biorefineries for the hydrolysis of
starch and lignocelluloses
* Bioconversion technologies for current and future biofuels such
as ethanol, biodiesel, butanol, hydrogen, and biogas
* Specialty chemicals, building block chemicals, and biopolymers
produced via fermentation
* Phytochemicals and functional food ingredients extracted from
plant materials
All the chapters have been written and edited by leading experts
in bioprocessing and biorefining technologies. Contributions are
based on a thorough review of the literature as well as the
authors’ firsthand experience developing and working with
bioprocessing technologies.
By setting forth the current state of the technology and
pointing to promising new directions in research, Bioprocessing
Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels,
Chemicals, and Polymers will enable readers to move towards
large-scale, sustainable, and economical production of biofuels and
bio-based chemicals.
Jadual kandungan
Preface xvii
Contributors xix
1 Integrated Biorefi nery for Sustainable Production of
Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers 1
Shang-Tian Yang and Mingrui Yu
2 The Outlook of Sugar and Starch Crops in Biorefinery
27
Klanarong Sriroth and Kuakoon Piyachomkwan
3 Novel and Traditional Oil Crops and Their Biorefinery
Potential 47
Johann Vollmann and Margit Laimer
4 Energy Crops 61
Walter Zegada-Lizarazu and Andrea Monti
5 Microalgae as Feedstock for Biofuels and Biochemicals
79
Dong Wei
6 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass 91
Tae Hyun Kim
7 Amylases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 111
Hesham A. El-Enshasy, Yasser R. Abdel Fattah, and Nor Zalina
Othman
8 Cellulases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 131
Xiao-Zhou Zhang and Yi-Heng Percival Zhang
9 Xylanases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 147
Evangelos Topakas, Gianni Panagiotou, and Paul
Christakopoulos
10 Lignin-Degrading Enzymes: An Overview 167
Rajni Hatti-Kaul and Victor Ibrahim
11 Advances in Lignocellulosic Bioethanol 193
Reeta Rani Singhania, Parameswaran Binod, and Ashok
Pandey
12 Biodiesel Properties and Alternative Feedstocks
205
Bryan R. Moser
13 Biological Production of Butanol and Higher Alcohols
235
Jingbo Zhao, Congcong Lu, Chih-Chin Chen, and Shang-Tian
Yang
14 Advancement of Biohydrogen Production and Its Integration
with Fuel Cell Technology 263
Jong-Hwan Shin and Tai Hyun Park
15 Biogas Technology 279
Günter Busch
16 Production of Lactic Acid and Polylactic Acid for
Industrial Applications 293
Nuttha Thongchul
17 Production of Succinic Acid from Renewable Resources
317
Jongho Yi, Sol Choi, Min-Sun Han, Jeong Wook Lee, and Sang
Yup Lee
18 Propionic Acid Fermentation 331
Zhongqiang Wang, Jianxin Sun, An Zhang, and Shang-Tian
Yang
19 Anaerobic Fermentations for the Production of Acetic and
Butyric Acids 351
Shang-Tian Yang, Mingrui Yu, Wei-Lun Chang, and I-Ching
Tang
20 Production of Citric, Itaconic, Fumaric, and Malic Acids
in Filamentous Fungal Fermentations 375
Kun Zhang, Baohua Zhang, and Shang-Tian Yang
21 Biotechnological Development for the Production of
1, 3-Propanediol and 2, 3-Butanediol 399
Youngsoon Um and Kyung-Duk Kim
22 Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Biomass Refining
415
Jian Yu
23 Microbial Production of Poly-gamma-Glutamic Acid
427
Zhinan Xu, Huili Zhang, Hao Chen, Feng Shi, Jin Huang,
Shufang Wang, and Cunjiang Song
24 Refining Food Processing By-Products for Value-Added
Functional Ingredients 441
Kequan Zhou, Yuting Zhou, and Y. Martin Lo
About the Editors 449
Index 451
Mengenai Pengarang
SHANG-TIAN YANG, Ph D, is Professor of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering at The Ohio State University as well as
Director of the Ohio Bioprocessing Research Consortium. Cofounder
of two biotechnology startup companies, Dr. Yang has conducted
research in bioprocess engineering, fermentation, biocatalysis,
cell and tissue engineering, metabolic engineering, and functional
genomics.
HESHAM A. EL-ENSHASY, Ph D, is Professor of Bioprocess
Engineering and is Assistant Director for Research and Innovation
for the Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD) at Universiti
Tecknologi Malaysia. Dr. El-Enshasy is also Professor at City for
Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Egypt.
NUTTHA THONGCHUL, Ph D, is Assistant Professor at the
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering and Adjunct
Professor in the Biotechnology Program at Chulalongkorn University,
Thailand.
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