Shang-Tian Yang & Hesham El-Ensashy 
Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers [EPUB ebook] 

Sets the stage for large-scale production of biofuels and
bio-based chemicals

In response to diminishing supplies as well as the environmental
hazards posed by fossil fuels and petrochemicals, interest and
demand for green, sustainable biofuels and bio-based chemicals are
soaring. Biomass may be the solution. It is an abundant
carbon-neutral renewable feedstock that can be used for the
production of fuels and chemicals. Currently, biorefineries use
corn, soybeans, and sugarcane for bioethanol and biodiesel
production; however, there are many challenges facing
biorefineries, preventing biomass from reaching its full
potential.

This book provides a comprehensive review of bioprocessing
technologies that use lignocellulosic biomass for the production of
biofuels, biochemicals, and biopolymers. It begins with an overview
of integrated biorefineries. Next, it covers:

* Biomass feedstocks, including sugar, starch, oil, and energy
crops as well as microalgae

* Pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic biomass

* Hydrolytic enzymes used in biorefineries for the hydrolysis of
starch and lignocelluloses

* Bioconversion technologies for current and future biofuels such
as ethanol, biodiesel, butanol, hydrogen, and biogas

* Specialty chemicals, building block chemicals, and biopolymers
produced via fermentation

* Phytochemicals and functional food ingredients extracted from
plant materials

All the chapters have been written and edited by leading experts
in bioprocessing and biorefining technologies. Contributions are
based on a thorough review of the literature as well as the
authors’ firsthand experience developing and working with
bioprocessing technologies.

By setting forth the current state of the technology and
pointing to promising new directions in research, Bioprocessing
Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels,
Chemicals, and Polymers will enable readers to move towards
large-scale, sustainable, and economical production of biofuels and
bio-based chemicals.

Spis treści

Preface xvii

Contributors xix

1 Integrated Biorefi nery for Sustainable Production of
Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers 1

Shang-Tian Yang and Mingrui Yu

2 The Outlook of Sugar and Starch Crops in Biorefinery
27

Klanarong Sriroth and Kuakoon Piyachomkwan

3 Novel and Traditional Oil Crops and Their Biorefinery
Potential 47

Johann Vollmann and Margit Laimer

4 Energy Crops 61

Walter Zegada-Lizarazu and Andrea Monti

5 Microalgae as Feedstock for Biofuels and Biochemicals
79

Dong Wei

6 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass 91

Tae Hyun Kim

7 Amylases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 111

Hesham A. El-Enshasy, Yasser R. Abdel Fattah, and Nor Zalina
Othman

8 Cellulases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 131

Xiao-Zhou Zhang and Yi-Heng Percival Zhang

9 Xylanases: Characteristics, Sources, Production, and
Applications 147

Evangelos Topakas, Gianni Panagiotou, and Paul
Christakopoulos

10 Lignin-Degrading Enzymes: An Overview 167

Rajni Hatti-Kaul and Victor Ibrahim

11 Advances in Lignocellulosic Bioethanol 193

Reeta Rani Singhania, Parameswaran Binod, and Ashok
Pandey

12 Biodiesel Properties and Alternative Feedstocks
205

Bryan R. Moser

13 Biological Production of Butanol and Higher Alcohols
235

Jingbo Zhao, Congcong Lu, Chih-Chin Chen, and Shang-Tian
Yang

14 Advancement of Biohydrogen Production and Its Integration
with Fuel Cell Technology 263

Jong-Hwan Shin and Tai Hyun Park

15 Biogas Technology 279

Günter Busch

16 Production of Lactic Acid and Polylactic Acid for
Industrial Applications 293

Nuttha Thongchul

17 Production of Succinic Acid from Renewable Resources
317

Jongho Yi, Sol Choi, Min-Sun Han, Jeong Wook Lee, and Sang
Yup Lee

18 Propionic Acid Fermentation 331

Zhongqiang Wang, Jianxin Sun, An Zhang, and Shang-Tian
Yang

19 Anaerobic Fermentations for the Production of Acetic and
Butyric Acids 351

Shang-Tian Yang, Mingrui Yu, Wei-Lun Chang, and I-Ching
Tang

20 Production of Citric, Itaconic, Fumaric, and Malic Acids
in Filamentous Fungal Fermentations 375

Kun Zhang, Baohua Zhang, and Shang-Tian Yang

21 Biotechnological Development for the Production of
1, 3-Propanediol and 2, 3-Butanediol 399

Youngsoon Um and Kyung-Duk Kim

22 Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Biomass Refining
415

Jian Yu

23 Microbial Production of Poly-gamma-Glutamic Acid
427

Zhinan Xu, Huili Zhang, Hao Chen, Feng Shi, Jin Huang,
Shufang Wang, and Cunjiang Song

24 Refining Food Processing By-Products for Value-Added
Functional Ingredients 441

Kequan Zhou, Yuting Zhou, and Y. Martin Lo

About the Editors 449

Index 451

O autorze

SHANG-TIAN YANG, Ph D, is Professor of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering at The Ohio State University as well as
Director of the Ohio Bioprocessing Research Consortium. Cofounder
of two biotechnology startup companies, Dr. Yang has conducted
research in bioprocess engineering, fermentation, biocatalysis,
cell and tissue engineering, metabolic engineering, and functional
genomics.

HESHAM A. EL-ENSHASY, Ph D, is Professor of Bioprocess
Engineering and is Assistant Director for Research and Innovation
for the Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD) at Universiti
Tecknologi Malaysia. Dr. El-Enshasy is also Professor at City for
Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Egypt.

NUTTHA THONGCHUL, Ph D, is Assistant Professor at the
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering and Adjunct
Professor in the Biotechnology Program at Chulalongkorn University,
Thailand.