Pru Marriott & J R Edwards 
Introduction to Accounting [EPUB ebook] 

The fully revised and updated
Third Edition of this textbook provides an accessible introduction to accounting for students coming to the subject for the first time. It embraces the basic techniques and underlying theoretical concepts in accounting and shows how these are applied in various circumstances.

This New Edition incorporates major changes which improve and update the previous edition. It can be easily used by students working on their own, as well as in a classroom environment.

It provides:

– Fully illustrated & worked examples

– Student Activities

– End of chapter questions, many of which have been taken from major accounting examination bodies.

-The solutions to all activities are given at the end of each chapter, and answers to the end of chapter questions are also supplied.

Introduction to Accounting is an essential textbook for undergraduate accounting students. It is designed to meet the needs of both the non-specialist and those intending to specialise in accounting at undergraduate and also postgraduate levels. The Solutions Manual will be available via the SAGE website.

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THE FRAMEWORK OF ACCOUNTING

The Accounting Process

Suppliers of Accounting Information

Financial Accounting and Management Accounting Compared

External Users of Accounting Information

Principal Accounting Statements

THE BALANCE SHEET

The Entity Concept

Classification of Assets and Sources of Finance

The Accounting Equation: A Further Illustration

Raising Further Finance

The Investment Decision

Business Development

The Trading Cycle

Reporting Changes in Owner′s Capital

Assets = Capital + Liabilities

Valuation of Assets

PROFIT CALCULATED AS THE INCREASE IN CAPITAL

Profitable Activity

Profit and Changes In Gross Assets

Balance Sheet Presentation: Vertical Format

Profits, Losses and Changes In Net Assets

Profit Measured By Capital Changes

Capital Injections and Withdrawals

THE PREPARATION OF ACCOUNTS FROM CASH OR INCOMPLETE RECORDS

Accounting Systems and Information Requirements

The Matching Concept

Gross Profit and Net Profit

The Problem of Periodic Profit Calculation

The Identification of Revenue: The Realization Concept

Matching Expenditure With Revenue: The Benefit Principle

The Preparation of Accounts From Cash Records: A Worked Example

Clubs and Societies

THE DOUBLE ENTRY SYSTEM I

The Inital Recording of Transactions

Introduction

Cash Flows

Flows Of Goods And Services

THE DOUBLE ENTRY SYSTEM II

Ledger Accounts and the Trial Balance

Introduction

The Interlocking Effect of Transactions

Ledger Accounts

Books of Prime Entry

Control Accounts For Debtors and Creditors

The Trial Balance

Computerized Accounting Systems

Advantages of Double Entry

THE DOUBLE ENTRY SYSTEM III

Periodic Accounting Reports

Periodic Accounts

Adjustments To The Trial Balance

Stocks (Inventories)

Depreciation

Disposal of Fixed Assets

Prepayments and Accruals

Bad Debts

The Adjusted Trial Balance

ASSET VALUATION, PROFIT MEASUREMENT AND THE UNDERLYING ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS

Asset Valuation and Profit Measurement

Tangible Fixed Assets

Intangible Fixed Assets

Stock Valuation Methods

Accounting Concepts

PARTNERSHIPS

Introduction

The Partnership Agreement

The Creation of A Partnership

The Division of Profit

Capital and Current Accounts

Changes in Membership

Change in Profit-Sharing Ratio

Dissolution of Partnerships

COMPANY ACCOUNTS

Formation of Registered Companies

The Annual Report

Other Sources of Information

Share Capital

Share Premium Account

Share Forfeiture

The Rights Issue

Loan Capital and Debentures

The Appropriation Account

Revaluation Reserve

Redemption of Debentures

Bonus (Capitalization, Scrip) Issue of Shares

Reporting Financial Performance (FRS 3)

Groups of Companies

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (FRS 10)

Research and Development (SSAP 13)

Limitations of Company Accounts

INTERPRETATION OF ACCOUNTS

The Cash Flow Statement

Introduction

Format

Statement Construction

Some Complexities of The Cash Flow Statement

Interpretation using The Cash Flow Statement

INTERPRETATION OF ACCOUNTS

Ratio Analysis

The Need for Profit and Cash

Principles of Ratio Analysis

Classification of Accounting Ratios

Return on Capital Employed

Profit Ratios

Solvency Ratios

Asset Turnover Ratios

Relationship Between Accounting Ratios

Gearing (or Leverage)

Cash Flow Statement Ratios

Limitations of Accounting Ratios

Linking Together Cash Flow Analysis and Ratio Analysis

DECISION-MAKING

Introduction

Cost Behaviour

Total Costing and Overhead Recovery Rates

Investment Appraisal

Forecast Results

STANDARD COSTING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL

Introduction

Budgetary Control

Preparation of Budgets

Standard Costing

Calculation of Variances

End of chapter questions (After each chapter)

Solutions to activities (After each chapter)