In recent years, research interest has increased both in the needs of punishment by the public and in the psychological processes underlying decisions on sentencing. This comprehensive look at the social psychology of punishment focuses on recent advances, and presents new findings based on the authors’ own empirical research. Chapters explore the application of social psychology and social cognitive theories to decision making in the context of punishments by judges and the punitiveness of laymen. The book also highlights the different legal systems in the UK, US and Europe, discussing how attitudes to punishment can change in the context of cultural and social development.
Cuprins
Contributors ix
Foreword xi
Neil Vidmar
Introduction xiii
Margit E. Oswald, Steffen Bieneck and Jörg Hupfeld-Heinemann
Part I: Attitudes towards Punishment and Legal Sanctions in a Changing Society 1
1 The diversity of nations and legal systems – contrasting the Dutch and the Americans 3
Peter J. van Koppen
2 New approaches to justice in the light of virtues and problems of the penal system 19
Tom R. Tyler
3 Psychological perspectives on the place of restorative justice in criminal justice systems 39
Dena M. Gromet
4 Punitive public attitudes: a threat to the legitimacy of the criminal justice system? 55
Jan W. de Keijser and Henk Elffers
5 Punishment attitudes: their social and psychological bases 75
John Duckitt
6 Criminal society and criminal immigrants: a social construction of reality by mass media? 93
Michael Windzio and Matthias Kleimann
7 Public opinion and the death penalty 113
James D. Unnever and Francis T. Cullen
Part II: Moral Reasoning and Reactions to Crime 135
8 Justice and revenge 137
Mario Gollwitzer
9 Emotions and legal judgements: normative issues and empirical findings 157
Ute Gabriel
10 A two-process model of punishment 173
Margit E. Oswald and Ingrid Stucki
11 Punitive damages: a vehicle for punishment in civil cases 193
Brian H. Bornstein, Timothy R. Robicheaux and Sarah Thimsen
12 Offenders’ social categorization: ingroup bias or black sheep effect? 211
Jan-Willem van Prooijen
13 Measuring attitudes to sentencing and sentencing goals 231
Loretta J. Stalans
14 How adequate is the vignette technique as a research tool for psycho-legal research? 255
Steffen Bieneck
Part III: Impact of Heuristics and Biases on Decision Making in the Context of Crime 273
15 Models of decision making on guilt and sanctions 275
Jörg Hupfeld-Heinemann and Bettina von Helversen
16 Heuristic strategies and persistent biases in sentencing decisions 295
Birte Englich
17 Biased memory, biased verdicts: memory effects in juror judgments 315
Kristi A. Costabile
18 A social-cognitive perspective on attrition rates in sexual assault cases 335
Barbara Krahé and Anja Berger
19 How knowledge about the defendant’s previous convictions influences judgments of guilt 357
Margit E. Oswald
20 Disparities in sentencing decisions 379
Siegfried L. Sporer and Jane Goodman-Delahunty
Part IV: Consequences of Sentencing 403
21 The consequences of legal punishment 405
Stefan Suhling and Werner Greve
22 The effects of legal involvement on crime victims’ psychological adjustment 427
Ulrich Orth
Index 443
Despre autor
Margit Oswald is Professor of Psychology at the University of Berne, Switzerland. She has published numerous book chapters and journal articles and was Editor of the Swiss Journal of Psychology.
Steffen Bieneck is based in the Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
Jörg Hupfeld-Heinemann is based at the Department of Psychology, University of Berne, Switzerland.
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