This book was initially written with the express purpose of making fire dynamics science accessible to Firefighters and practitioners at all levels. Although fire dynamics is a scientific discipline, we have kept jargon and mathematics to a minimum wherever possible, with the express intention of this being a very basic introduction to fire dynamics.
The success of the book pleasantly surprised, and has been cited in academic papers, used as mandatory reading by the Institution of Fire Engineers’ and used by many fire departments, training providers and organisations throughout the world.
As we approached the five year anniversary, having delivered training and assistance to Firefighters all over the world, with the assistance of our friends at IFRA and other charitable organisations, alongside our day jobs as professional Firefighting Instructors, we reflected and bought the books forward to become even more helpful.
Shan developed the IFE’s International Tactical Firefighting (Compartment Behaviour Instructors’ Programme), of which some of this book addresses parts of the learning outcomes required for successful completion- so we have listed them at the end of each chapter. More are linked in the sequels to this book and of course during the course.
We also realized that during our travels, some Firefighters only have access to a cell phone as a source of information, the developing world often can’t afford books- so this edition will also have an ‘e-copy’ or ‘kindle’- within this we’ve also added hyper-links to public domain videos, kindly provided often by our friends, which are available on our You Tube channel which is all free. A big thank you to our friends globally for their support with that and we feel it helps to embed the simple learning in this edition.
Hopefully those introduced will want to learn more and progress onto the more technical and detailed publications on this subject. Think of this book as the first ‘stepping stone’ onto more detailed and academic publications on this subject.
A sound understanding of the fundamentals of fire development forms the essential foundation of safe and efficient fire and rescue operations. This empowers us to protect our colleagues and the communities we serve.
This book would not have been possible without the innovators in this field who have successfully linked theoretical fire dynamics with the practice of successful and professional firefighting in the field and giving us their time and indulgence with this project. Thank you especially to Bill Gough, Martin Arrowsmith, ‘The Exbendables’, Andrew Starnes, Bobby Halton, David Kay, Matthew Swan, David Payton, Nick Lacey, Sean Mc Kee, Chris Gannon, Steven Burns and anyone else I’ve overlooked and apologise for. I will make special mention to those former, and serving Officers in the UK that supported me when it was politically easier to take other options.
表中的内容
Chapter 1: Basic fire dynamics science for Firefighters. 1
States of matter: 1
Gas laws made simple. 3
Chapter 2: The combustion process. 10
What is combustion?. 10
Oxygen. 11
Fuel 11
Flammability Limits 14
Heat 18
Heat release rate. 21
Methods of heat transfer. 23
Chapter 3: Flames. 31
What is a flame?. 31
Premixed flames 32
Diffusion flames 33
Chapter 4: Fire growth. 37
The stages of fire development 39
Chapter 5: Rapid fire developments 1 – flashover. 46
Signs and symptoms of flashover 48
Chapter 6: Rapid fire developments – backdraft 52
What is a backdraft?. 52
Signs and symptoms of backdraft 55
Chapter 7: Rapid fire developments – Fire Gas Ignition.. 61
Signs and symptoms of fire gas ignition. 64
Chapter 8: Rapid fire developments – blowtorch, wind driven and external spread fires 67
How does wind get introduced and what then happens?. 68
Signs and symptoms of wind-driven fires 69
Chapter 9: Effect of building and construction on fire dynamics 74
Chapter 10: Water application.. 82
Chapter 11: Fire dynamics – ‘notable events’ 94
Chapter 12: Conclusion.. 110
References: 112
关于作者
Shan Raffel has served as a career firefighter in Brisbane Australia since 1983. His career took a serious change in 1994 after two of his colleagues were killed in the line of duty while conducting fighting operations in a relatively routine fire in a small motorcycle dealership. The Coroner’s report was unable to identify the cause of two extreme fire events that cause severe burns, dislocating them from the hose line and rendering them unconscious.
In 1996, two other colleagues were seriously injured after being caught in an extreme fire event while conducting search and rescue operations in a smoke-laden section of a Backpackers Hostel in Rockhampton.
These events motivated him to develop an extensive report that led to an international study of compartment fire behaviour training (CFBT) in 1997. He studied at the leading training institutions in Sweden and the UK. Over the next three years, he developed the first nationally recognized CFBT program in Australia. Subsequently, he has assisted numerous fire services around the world in the development of their training facilities, instructors, and teaching materials.
In 2009 he was awarded a ‘Churchill Fellowship’ to research ‘Planning Preparation and Response to Emergencies in Tunnels’. This resulted in an intensive ten-week international research tour. This included leading fire services, training centres and tunnel operators in the USA (FDNY), Canada, Germany, Austria, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Switzerland. This knowledge was critical in the development of emergency response plans for the 3 largest road tunnels in Australia.
His international training experience spans 26 countries, and his International Compartment Fire Behaviour Instructors program gained international credentialing through the Institution of Fire Engineers recognition process in 2018.
www.linkedin.com/in/shanraffel
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